Field planning

Irrigation Layout Designer

Explore drip-line layouts, hydraulic constraints and pressure-loss estimates in an interactive preliminary design workspace.

Hydraulics
Scaled SVG
Local calculation

Guide

Field & Terrain

Orientation measured clockwise from true north. Slopes convert to head differences.

Length (m)

Width (m)

Orientation (°)clockwise from N

Slope along length (%)

Slope along width (%)

Headworks & Constraints

Pump pressure, filter/fertigation losses, and allowable variation determine available head.

Pump pressure (kPa)

Max flow (m³/h)

Filter loss (kPa)

Fertigation skid

Allowable ΔP (%)

Max velocity (m/s)

Mainline

Material determines Hazen–Williams C; ring feed halves effective length/flow.

Diameter (mm)

Length (m)

Material

Location

Ring / two-end feed

Submains

Spacing sets the number of runs; two-side supply lowers end losses.

Spacing (m)

Diameter (mm)

Two-side feed

Valve every (runs)

Drip laterals

Emitter spacing/flow and tape pressure determine total demand and headloss.

Tape spacing (m)

Emitter spacing (cm)

Emitter flow (L/h)

Operating pressure (kPa)

Tape length (m)

Pressure-compensating

Layout Preview

Field drawn to scale with rotation; headworks shown at origin.

320 m × 140 m

Mainline

Submains

Drip laterals

Hydraulic Summary

Total laterals

System flow

158.6 m³/h

Pump limit 130

Mainline velocity

6.93 m/s

Mainline headloss

138.14 m

Submain velocity

11.22 m/s

Submain headloss

669.87 m

Available pressure

0 kPa

Margin -7873.0 kPa

Net pump pressure

168 kPa

Estimated CU

84%

PC emitter

Warnings

Mainline velocity 6.93 m/s exceeds 1.5 m/s limit.
Total system flow 158.6 m³/h > pump rating 130 m³/h.
Net pump pressure after filter/fertigation losses is insufficient for mainline delivery.
Lateral pressure deficit 7873.0 kPa vs setpoint; increase pump pressure or pipe size.

Tips

Keep mainline velocity ≤1.5 m/s to minimize water hammer and energy losses.
Limit submain headloss to <20% of operating pressure and lateral headloss to <10%.
Use pressure-compensating emitters or zoning when slope exceeds 0.5%.
Ring-fed mains or two-side-fed submains help maintain uniform pressure.

Underlying formulas & references

Mainline and submain headloss use the Hazen–Williams form h_f = 10.67 · L · Q^1.852 / (C^1.852 · d^4.87), with the material coefficient C set by the PE/PVC selector. Velocities are v = Q / (π d² / 4) and slope-induced head difference is Δh = g · slope · length.

Reference: ASABE EP405 / FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 for recommended limits on velocity, allowable pressure variation, and Christiansen Uniformity (CU) interpretation.

Citation

If you use Digital Plant Phenotyping Platform v25.0 or any of its applications in your research, please cite it as:

LiangchaoDeng. (2025). smiler488/smiler488.github.io: Digital Plant Phenotyping Platform v25.0 (v25.0.0). Zenodo.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17544584

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BibTeX citation (Zotero → File → Import from Clipboard)

Click to copy BibTeX to clipboard for Zotero import.

@software{Deng2025_DPPP_v25,
  author       = {Deng, Liangchao},
  title        = {Digital Plant Phenotyping Platform (v25.0)},
  year         = {2025},
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.17544584},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17544584},
  note         = {[Computer software]}
}